@Article{WitteTSFPCNJSMOJS:2017:1.MeEv,
author = "Witte, Jacquelyn C. and Thompson, Anne M. and Smit, Herman G. J.
and Fujiwara, Masatomo and Posny, Fran{\c{c}}oise and Coetzee,
Gert J. R. and Northam, Edward T. and Johnson, Bryan J. and
Sterling, Chance W. and Mohamad, Maznorizan and Ogini, Shin-Ya and
Jordan, Allen and Silva, Francisco Raimundo da",
affiliation = "{Science Systems and Applications Inc.} and {NASA/Goddard Space
Flight Center} and 3 Institute of Chemistry and Dynamics of the
Geosphere: Troposphere, Research Centre Juelich and {Hokkaido
University} and {University of La R{\'e}union Island} and {South
African Weather Service} and {Science Systems and Applications
Inc.} and Global Monitoring Division, NOAA and Global Monitoring
Division, NOAA and {Malaysian Meteorological Department} and
{Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology} and Global
Monitoring Division, NOAA and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas
Espaciais (INPE)}",
title = "First reprocessing of Southern Hemisphere ADditional OZonesondes
(SHADOZ) profile records (1998–2015): 1. Methodology and
evaluation",
journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres",
year = "2017",
volume = "122",
number = "12",
pages = "6611--6636",
month = "June",
abstract = "Electrochemical concentration cell ozonesonde measurements are an
important source of highly resolved vertical profiles of ozone
(O-3) with long-term data records for deriving O-3 trends, model
development, satellite validation, and air quality studies.
Ozonesonde stations employ a range of operational and data
processing procedures, metadata reporting, and instrument changes
that have resulted in inhomogeneities within individual station
data records. A major milestone is the first reprocessing of seven
Southern Hemisphere ADditional OZonesondes (SHADOZ) station
ozonesonde records to account for errors and biases in
operating/processing procedures. Ascension Island, Hanoi, Irene,
Kuala Lumpur, La Reunion, Natal, and Watukosek station records all
show an overall increase in O-3 after reprocessing. Watukosek
shows the largest increase of 9.02.1 Dobson Units (DU) in total
column O-3; Irene and Hanoi show a 5.52.5 DU increase, while
remaining sites show statistically insignificant enhancements.
Negligible to modest O-3 enhancements are observed after
reprocessing in the troposphere (up to 8%) and stratosphere (up to
6%), except at La Reunion for which the application of background
currents reduces tropospheric O-3 (-2.11.3 DU). Inhomogeneities
due to ozonesonde/solution-type changes at Ascension, Natal, and
La Reunion are resolved with the application of transfer
functions. Comparisons with EP-TOMS, Aura's Ozone Monitoring
Instrument and Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) satellite O-3
overpasses show an overall improvement in agreement after
reprocessing. Most reprocessed data sets show a significant
reduction in biases with MLS at the ozone maximum region
(50-10hPa). Changes in radiosonde/ozonesonde system and
nonstandard solution types can account for remaining discrepancies
observed at several sites when compared to satellites. Plain
Language Summary Ozonesondes are point-source balloon-borne
instruments that measure profiles of ozone, pressure, temperature,
and relative humidity from the surface up to 10hPa (similar to 30
km). Long-term ozonesonde data records are relied upon to validate
model output and satellite retrievals of ozone, as well as
validate their trend calculations. Thus, it is important to have
confidence in the quality and accuracy of sonde observations. One
way to ensure high quality in the ozonesonde measurement system is
to follow the consensus-based operating procedures and
reprocessing guidelines established by ozonesonde experts from
around the world. These procedures and guidelines have been
adopted by the SHADOZ (Southern Hemisphere ADditional OZonesondes)
network. SHADOZ is a NASA/GSFC project in close collaboration with
NOAA and other international partners to archive tropical and
sub-tropical ozonesonde data. Since the network started in 1998,
14 stations located north and south of the tropics have archived
over 6000 profiles. Like many long-term observational networks,
SHADOZ is characterized by heterogeneous operating procedures,
ozonesonde systems, and postprocessing software that impact
validation and trend derivation assessments. Reprocessing the
SHADOZ ozonesonde data records has led to homogenized data sets
that now allow for meaningful comparisons across the network.",
doi = "10.1002/2016JD026403",
url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JD026403",
issn = "2169-8996 and 2169-897X",
language = "en",
targetfile = "witte_first.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "04 maio 2024"
}